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Intraoperative magnesium sulfate may prevent postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) and reduce neuronal damage markers. This study found magnesium sulfate administration protected against POCD following anesthesia.

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Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Surgical Outcomes

Background:

  • Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a significant concern with no current effective prevention strategies.
  • Understanding the pathogenesis of POCD is crucial for developing interventions.
  • Serum S100B is a recognized marker of neuronal degeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential protective effect of intraoperative magnesium sulfate against POCD.
  • To assess the impact of magnesium sulfate on serum S100B levels, a marker of neuronal injury.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective randomized controlled trial with 80 participants undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
  • Two groups: conventional anesthesia vs. conventional anesthesia with intraoperative magnesium sulfate.
  • Cognitive function assessed using PALT and BVRT; serum S100B measured preoperatively and postoperatively.

Main Results:

  • Conventional anesthesia group showed significant decline in PALT and BVRT postoperatively.
  • Magnesium sulfate group did not exhibit significant cognitive decline postoperatively.
  • Serum S100B levels increased significantly in the conventional anesthesia group but not in the magnesium sulfate group.

Conclusions:

  • Intravenous magnesium sulfate administration during general anesthesia can protect against POCD.
  • Magnesium sulfate attenuates the postoperative elevation of serum S100B, indicating reduced neuronal injury.