Relapsing Bickerstaff Brainstem Encephalitis After Autologous Stem Cell Transplant

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Neuroimmunology

Background:

• Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (BBE) is a rare neurological disorder often linked to Miller Fisher syndrome and Guillain-Barré syndrome.
• BBE is characterized by a specific triad: ophthalmoplegia, ataxia, and decreased consciousness.

Observation:

• This report details a unique case of BBE.
• The patient developed BBE following an autologous stem cell transplant.

Findings:

• The case underscores the involvement of the central nervous system in BBE, particularly manifesting as impaired arousal.
• This presentation further solidifies BBE as a distinct clinical entity.

Implications:

• Understanding BBE's presentation after stem cell transplantation is crucial for early diagnosis and management.
• This case contributes to the literature on rare neurological complications following intensive treatments like stem cell transplantation.