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Analysis of Retinoic Acid-induced Neural Differentiation of Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells in Two and Three-dimensional Embryoid Bodies
Published on: April 22, 2017
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Sonic Hedgehog and Triiodothyronine Pathway Interact in Mouse Embryonic Neural Stem Cells
Pavel Ostasov1,2, Jan Tuma3,4, Pavel Pitule1,2
1Laboratory of Tumor Biology and Immunotherapy, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 1655/76, 323 00 Plzen, Czech Republic.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|May 28, 2020
Summary
Inhibiting sonic hedgehog (SHH) and activating triiodothyronine (T3) pathways enhance embryonic neural stem cell (eNSC) survival. SHH and T3 interact, influencing eNSC proliferation and health during differentiation.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Biology
- Stem Cell Research
Background:
- Neural stem cells (NSCs) are crucial for central nervous system (CNS) development, plasticity, and regeneration.
- eNSCs are a potential resource for neuro transplantation therapies and research.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the proliferation dynamics and fate of embryonic neural stem cells (eNSCs) under differentiation.
- To analyze the effects of sonic hedgehog (SHH) and triiodothyronine (T3) on eNSC differentiation.
Main Methods:
- Cultured eNSCs differentiating alone and with SHH or T3.
- Analyzed cellular health, survival, and gene expression related to SHH and T3 signaling pathways.
Main Results:
- Inhibition of the SHH pathway and activation of the T3 pathway improved eNSC health and survival.
- T3 increased smoothened (Smo) receptor expression, while SHH increased T3 receptor beta (Thrb) gene expression.
- Combined SHH and T3 treatment upregulated thyroxine 5-deiodinase type III (Dio3), inhibiting T3 activity and affecting eNSC proliferation.
Conclusions:
- SHH and T3 signaling pathways interact during eNSC differentiation.
- Modulating SHH and T3 pathways offers a potential strategy to control eNSC behavior for therapeutic applications.
