Multiform DNA origami arrays using minimal logic control

Self-assembled DNA nanostructures significantly contribute to DNA nanotechnology. Algorithmic guiding of the assembly of DNA arrays remains a challenge in nanoarchitecture. Usually, the more sophisticated a DNA nanoarchitecture, the more DNA connections with specific sequences are required. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using the minimum pairs of DNA connection strands to implement algorithm-based self-assembly with finite DNA origamis. We found that the DNA origami linking complexity was markedly reduced. By rotating and turning the origami tile in different linking directions, we obtained 2 × 2 arrays of DNA origamis using a pair of DNA connections, 2 × 4 arrays using two pairs of DNA connections, and 4 × 4 arrays using three pairs of connection strands. We further analysed the effects of distortion on array formation. Overall, this study presents a hierarchical assembly strategy with minimal connections to generate multi-scale DNA arrays.