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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
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Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

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Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
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Risk factors associated with pulmonary tuberculosis relapses in Cali, Colombia.

Cindy Córdoba1, Paola A Buriticá2, Robinson Pacheco2

  • 1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Grupo de Investigación en Epidemiología y Servicios, Programa de Maestría en Epidemiología, Universidad Libre - seccional Cali, Cali, Colombia; Universidad Santiago de Cali, Cali, Colombia. cicoar84@yahoo.es.

Biomedica : Revista Del Instituto Nacional De Salud
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Tuberculosis relapses are linked to lower body mass index and population density. Alcohol consumption significantly increases the risk of tuberculosis relapse, highlighting key factors for prevention strategies.

Keywords:
Pulmonary tuberculosisrecurrencebody mass indexColombia

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) relapses, stemming from endogenous reactivation or exogenous reinfection, account for up to 27% of TB cases.
  • Relapses pose a significant threat due to the potential emergence of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains.
  • Cali, Colombia, reported a TB relapse rate of 6% in 2013-2014, exceeding the national average.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors associated with pulmonary tuberculosis relapses in Cali.
  • To inform targeted public health interventions for TB control.

Main Methods:

  • An observational, analytical, case-control study (1:1 ratio) was conducted.
  • Data on socio-demographic, clinical, lifestyle, and health service variables were collected from 81 pulmonary TB relapse cases.
  • Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to determine risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Inverse association found between body mass index (BMI) and tuberculosis relapses (OR=0.90, 95%CI: 0.81-0.99).
  • Population density also showed an inverse association with TB relapses (OR=0.99, 95%CI: 0.98-1.00).
  • Alcohol consumption was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of tuberculosis relapse (OR=5.56, 95%CI: 1.18-26.26).

Conclusions:

  • Lower body mass index and population density are inversely associated with pulmonary tuberculosis relapses in Cali.
  • Alcohol consumption is a significant risk factor, increasing the likelihood of TB relapse.
  • Findings underscore the importance of nutritional status, living conditions, and alcohol use in TB relapse prevention.