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Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Evaluating the Electrochemical Properties of Supercapacitors using the Three-Electrode System
Published on: January 7, 2022
Electric double layer formation and storing energy processes on graphene-based supercapacitors from electrical and
1Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, 12247-014, Brazil. fileti@gmail.com.
Abstract:
Atomistic molecular dynamics simulations were used to investigate the processes of electrical double layer formation and electrolyte confinement in graphene-based supercapacitors. For both processes, free energy calculations were used to analyze the thermodynamics involved in the electrolyte confinement and its re-arrangement in a double layer on the electrode surface. The value of the free energy of the formation of the double electric layer was related to the energy required to charge the supercapacitor, i.e., the energy density stored, and compared with values obtained using Poisson's electrostatic formalism, which is the conventionally employed approach. Both analyzes were consistent with each other, presenting compatible values for the stored energy.
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