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Transition from Saltation to Collisional Regime in Windblown Sand.

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Experiments reveal windblown sand transitions to a collisional regime at critical Shields numbers. This shift impacts mass flow rate, particle velocity, and transport height, driven by mid-air collisions.

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Area of Science:

  • Geophysics
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Sediment Transport

Background:

  • Windblown sand transport is crucial for aeolian geomorphology.
  • Understanding transport regimes is key to predicting sand movement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize the transition from saltation to collisional transport in windblown sand.
  • To investigate the physical mechanisms governing this regime shift.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental analysis of windblown sand.
  • Measurement of mass flow rate (Q) and Shields number.
  • Observation of particle velocity and transport layer height.
  • Support from discrete numerical simulations.

Main Results:

  • A critical Shields number marks the transition from saltation to collisional regime.
  • Mass flow rate deviates from linear to quadratic dependence on Shields number.
  • Particle velocity and transport layer height increase in the collisional regime.
  • Mid-air collisions are identified as the cause of the regime change.

Conclusions:

  • Windblown sand exhibits distinct transport regimes based on Shields number.
  • Collisional transport, driven by mid-air impacts, alters sand dynamics.
  • Numerical simulations validate experimental observations of the transport transition.