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Impact occurs when two bodies collide, leading to the application of impulsive forces between them. Analyzing impact mechanics involves considering two colliding particles moving along a line known as the line of impact, which passes through their centers and is perpendicular to the contact plane.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 8, 2025

Development of an Experimental Setup for the Measurement of the Coefficient of Restitution under Vacuum Conditions
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Particle impact on a cohesive granular media.

V Ralaiarisoa1,2, P Dupont3, A Ould El Moctar4

  • 1Université de Rennes, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Rennes, UMR 6251, 35042 Rennes, France.

Physical Review. E
|June 16, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Particle impacts on cohesive granular materials create splashes. Cohesion significantly modifies this splash process, with ejection triggered above a threshold impact velocity dependent on liquid bridge strength and content.

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Area of Science:

  • Granular physics
  • Particle impact dynamics
  • Cohesive granular materials

Background:

  • Understanding particle impact on granular beds is crucial for various industrial and natural processes.
  • The role of inter-particle cohesion, particularly due to liquid bridges, in modifying impact outcomes is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To numerically investigate the splash process resulting from a particle impacting a cohesive granular packing.
  • To quantify the influence of impact velocity, capillary strength (Γ), and liquid content (Ω) on particle ejection.

Main Methods:

  • Two-dimensional discrete element method (DEM) simulations were employed.
  • Cohesion was modeled using short-range attractive forces simulating liquid bridges.
  • Analysis focused on the number of ejected particles as a function of impact parameters.

Main Results:

  • The splash process is significantly altered when the dimensionless cohesion number (Co) exceeds a critical value near unity.
  • Above this cohesion threshold, particle ejection is triggered above a specific impact Froude number (Fr).
  • This threshold Froude number scales with capillary strength (Γ) and liquid content (Ω) as Γ^(1/2)Ω^(1/6).
  • The number of splashed particles shows a linear dependence on the impact Froude number, similar to cohesionless cases, once the threshold is surpassed.

Conclusions:

  • Inter-particle liquid bridges play a critical role in governing particle ejection during impact events.
  • The study provides quantitative relationships for the threshold conditions and scaling laws governing splash dynamics in cohesive granular materials.
  • Findings offer insights into phenomena like erosion, powder handling, and planetary surface impacts.