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Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Author Spotlight: Microscopic Analysis of Protein Localization at Plasmodesmata in Plants
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COP1 destabilizes DELLA proteins in Arabidopsis.

Noel Blanco-Touriñán1, Martina Legris2, Eugenio G Minguet1

  • 1Instituto de Biologίa Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientίficas, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, 46022 Valencia, Spain.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|May 31, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Warm temperatures and shade destabilize DELLA proteins, crucial for plant growth. This process involves CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1) and occurs independently of gibberellin (GA) hormones.

Keywords:
environmentgibberellingrowthshade avoidancethermomorphogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Plant Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Environmental Stress Response

Background:

  • DELLA proteins regulate plant growth in response to environmental cues.
  • Gibberellins (GAs) are known to promote DELLA degradation, mediating growth responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of environmental factors beyond GA in DELLA protein stability.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which temperature and shade affect DELLA regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a GA-insensitive DELLA allele in *Arabidopsis thaliana* to study environmental effects.
  • Investigated the interaction between DELLA proteins and the E3 ubiquitin ligase CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1).
  • Performed co-expression studies in *Nicotiana benthamiana* and in vitro ubiquitination assays.

Main Results:

  • Warm temperature and shade reduced the stability of a GA-insensitive DELLA protein.
  • DELLA degradation induced by warmth occurred before changes in GA levels.
  • COP1 mediated DELLA degradation, enhanced by the partner SUPPRESSOR OF *phyA-105* 1 (SPA1).
  • COP1 directly interacted with and ubiquitinated DELLA proteins.

Conclusions:

  • DELLA proteins are destabilized by a GA-independent pathway involving COP1.
  • This COP1-mediated destabilization is a key mechanism for plant growth regulation under warm temperatures and shade.
  • Identified a novel regulatory role for COP1 in plant environmental responses.