Crosstalks between plant proteostasis and chromatin remodeling machineries

To ensure survival, plants must rely on efficient signalling pathways that allow them to adjust rapidly to sudden changes and external cues. Such responses depend not only on the precise control of protein abundance but also on the coordinated regulation of gene expression. This dynamic control of gene expression is achieved, in part, by the regulatory function of chromatin remodelers whose protein levels, localisation and functional integrity need to be carefully controlled. In recent years, several E3 ubiquitin ligases have been shown to influence the stability and function of key chromatin regulators. This convergence between plant chromatin and proteostasis machineries has been relatively understudied. However, given that epigenetic states underpin multiple stress responses, developmental transitions and the maintenance of genome integrity, understanding how E3 ubiquitin ligases shape these processes provides a valuable perspective on plant biology while also opening new possibilities for improving crop performance in increasingly variable environments. Some of these examples, along with their implications and future research perspectives, will be critically discussed in this review.