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Paediatric morphoea: a holistic review. Part 1: epidemiology, aetiopathogenesis and clinical classification

A Kaushik1, R Mahajan1, D De1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.

Clinical and Experimental Dermatology
|May 31, 2020
PubMed

Insights

This review covers pediatric morphoea (localized scleroderma) in children, detailing its epidemiology, causes, and subtypes. It also outlines diagnostic approaches, activity markers, and treatment strategies for this fibrosing skin disorder.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pediatrics
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Morphoea, or localized scleroderma, is a fibrosing disorder affecting skin and subcutaneous tissues.
  • Pediatric-onset morphoea is common, characterized by frequent relapses and complex pathogenesis.
  • The condition presents with diverse clinical subtypes across all pediatric age groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of current literature on pediatric morphoea.
  • To elucidate the epidemiology, aetiopathogenesis, and clinical classification of the disease in children.
  • To review diagnostic criteria, disease activity markers, management, and natural history in Part 2.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar.
  • Keywords included 'pediatric morphea', 'juvenile localised scleroderma', and 'juvenile systemic sclerosis'.
  • Relevant studies (RCTs, reviews, original research) were selected and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Part 1 of the review summarizes epidemiology, aetiopathogenesis, and clinical classification.
  • The disease affects children of all ages with complex mechanisms and varied subtypes.
  • Research is actively focused on understanding pathophysiology and disease activity measures.

Conclusions:

  • Pediatric morphoea is a significant condition requiring further research into its complex nature.
  • Understanding epidemiology and classification is crucial for effective management.
  • This review serves as a foundation for further exploration of diagnosis, activity markers, and treatment.

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