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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

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Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
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Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

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Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
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A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
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Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
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A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
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Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment01:30

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Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
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Related Experiment Video

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Monitoring Lung Function with Electrical Impedance Tomography in the Intensive Care Unit
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Pulmonary Embolism in Intensive Care Unit.

Michael Baram1, Bharat Awsare1, Geno Merli2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Jefferson University Hospital, Korman Lung Institute, 834 Walnut Street, Suite 650, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.

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Summary

Managing complex pulmonary embolism (PE) requires a multidisciplinary approach. Pulmonary Embolism Response Teams (PERT) are crucial for critically ill patients, coordinating advanced therapies and intensive care unit management.

Keywords:
Critical care (ICU)Intensive care unitMassive pulmonary emboliMortalityPulmonary embolism (PE)Pulmonary embolism response team (PERT)Submassive pulmonary emboli

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Cardiology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Pulmonary embolism (PE) management is increasingly complex.
  • Advanced therapies include catheter-based treatments, surgical thrombectomies, and cardiac assist devices.
  • PE heterogeneity necessitates a coordinated, multidisciplinary approach.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To address the unique needs of critically ill patients with PE.
  • To highlight the role of Pulmonary Embolism Response Teams (PERT).
  • To emphasize the importance of intensive care units (ICUs) in PE management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current PE management strategies.
  • Discussion of multidisciplinary team (MDT) roles.
  • Focus on critical care interventions for PE.

Main Results:

  • PERT models are emerging to manage complex PE cases.
  • ICUs provide an optimal setting for integrated PE care.
  • Coordinated specialty interaction is key for treatment planning.

Conclusions:

  • A multidisciplinary team approach is essential for complex PE.
  • PERT models enhance the care of critically ill PE patients.
  • Integrated management in ICUs improves outcomes for severe PE.