Extracting Smoking Status from Electronic Health Records Using NLP and Deep Learning

Half a million people die every year from smoking-related issues across the United States. It is essential to identify individuals who are tobacco-dependent in order to implement preventive measures. In this study, we investigate the effectiveness of deep learning models to extract smoking status of patients from clinical progress notes. A Natural Language Processing (NLP) Pipeline was built that cleans the progress notes prior to processing by three deep neural networks: a CNN, a unidirectional LSTM, and a bidirectional LSTM. Each of these models was trained with a pre- trained or a post-trained word embedding layer. Three traditional machine learning models were also employed to compare against the neural networks. Each model has generated both binary and multi-class label classification. Our results showed that the CNN model with a pre-trained embedding layer performed the best for both binary and multi- class label classification.