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Polarized light through polycrystalline vaterite helicoids.

Melissa Tan1, Wenge Jiang2, Alexander T Martin1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Molecular Design Institute, New York University, New York City, NY 10003, USA. bart.kahr@nyu.edu.

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Vaterite helicoids, chiral structures formed with amino acids, exhibit optical activity. Their unique helical arrangement of nanocrystals, influenced by amino acid stereochemistry, is confirmed by Mueller matrix polarimetry.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Crystallography
  • Biomineralization

Background:

  • Vaterite helicoids are chiral suprastructures composed of vaterite nanocrystals.
  • Their formation is influenced by amino acids like aspartic (Asp) and glutamic (Glu) acid.
  • The stereochemistry of the amino acid dictates the helicoid's chirality (e.g., l-Asp vs. d-Asp).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an optical model for vaterite helicoids.
  • To analyze polarized light transmission through these chiral structures.
  • To correlate optical properties with the underlying nanocrystal organization and stereochemistry.

Main Methods:

  • Mueller matrix polarimetry was used to measure polarized light transmission.
  • An optical model was developed to simulate light interaction with the helicoids.
  • Electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy provided structural evidence.

Main Results:

  • The optical model accurately describes polarized light transmission through vaterite helicoids.
  • A strong correlation was found between experimental measurements and simulations.
  • The propellor-like arrangement of inclined platelets creates optically active structures.

Conclusions:

  • Mueller matrix polarimetry provides insights into the structure of vaterite helicoids.
  • The stereochemistry of amino acid additives is directly reflected in the optical properties.
  • This technique can be applied to study other complex chiral structures composed of anisotropic particles.