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Related Concept Videos

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

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Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
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Clamper Circuit01:14

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A clamper circuit, also known as a DC restorer, represents a specialized variant of the rectifier circuit, notable for its method of taking the output across the diode rather than the capacitor. This configuration lends to several distinctive applications, particularly in handling square wave inputs.
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Bacterial signaling can occur within bacteria (intracellular) or between bacteria (intercellular). At times, a group of bacteria behaves like a community. To achieve this, they engage in quorum sensing, the perception of higher cell density that causes changes in gene expression. Quorum sensing involves both extracellular and intracellular signaling. The signaling cascade starts with a molecule called an autoinducer (AI). Individual bacteria produce AIs that move out of the bacterial cell...
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The cell cycle is an organized set of events that leads the cell to divide into two daughter cells, each containing chromosomes identical to the parent cell. It is the cell cycle that leads to the formation of an entire organism from a single-cell zygote. Besides, cell division also functions in the renewal or repair of tissues in adult multicellular eukaryotes. For example, in the bone marrow, the stem cells divide to form new blood cells. Although essential for several functions, cell...
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The cell cycle regulation directs how a cell proceeds from one phase to the next and begins mitosis. The cell cycle control system includes intracellular regulatory molecules and external triggers. They provide "stop" or "advance" signals and operate at specific cell cycle stages termed checkpoints to ensure that a particular process is completed before the cell advances to the next phase.
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Positive and negative feedback loops are crucial for regulating biological signaling systems. These feedback loops are processes that connect output signals to their inputs.
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Gene Digital Circuits Based on CRISPR-Cas Systems and Anti-CRISPR Proteins
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Dynamic Cell Programming with Quorum Sensing-Controlled CRISPRi Circuit.

Yilan Liu1, Jinjin Chen1, David Crisante1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada.

ACS Synthetic Biology
|June 3, 2020
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Synthetic biology advances biomanufacturing and therapeutics with new dynamic circuits. Quorum sensing-controlled CRISPR interference (Q-CRISPRi) systems offer gene editing-independent bacterial programming without cell lysis.

Keywords:
CRISPRibacteria consortiumdynamic regulationquorum sensingsynthetic biology

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Area of Science:

  • Synthetic biology
  • Microbial engineering
  • Genetic circuits

Background:

  • Synthetic biology drives innovation in biomanufacturing and live therapeutics.
  • Dynamic circuits are crucial for regulating cellular resources and microbial communities.
  • Existing dynamic circuits often rely on gene editing or cell lysis, limiting applications and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, gene editing-independent dynamic circuit for bacterial programming.
  • To overcome limitations of existing lysis-dependent or gene editing-dependent systems.
  • To enable precise control over microbial behavior and community dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Construction of quorum sensing-controlled CRISPR interference (Q-CRISPRi) systems.
  • Utilized customized single-guide RNA (sgRNA) for dynamic programming.
  • Applied Q-CRISPRi to program gene expression, population density, phenotype, physical properties, and microbial consortia composition.

Main Results:

  • Successfully developed and implemented Q-CRISPRi circuits.
  • Demonstrated dynamic programming of various cellular and community characteristics without cell lysis.
  • Showcased the versatility of Q-CRISPRi in controlling microbial behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Q-CRISPRi systems provide a powerful tool for dynamic cell programming.
  • These methods offer improved control over microbial metabolism and behavior for industrial and medical applications.
  • The developed strategy represents a significant advancement in synthetic biology tools.