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Metal-Ligand Bonds

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...

Colors and Magnetism

Colors and Magnetism

Color in Coordination Complexes
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...

Extraction: Advanced Methods

Extraction: Advanced Methods

Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...

Structural Isomerism

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...

Coordination Number and Geometry

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

Coordination Compounds and Nomenclature

In most main group element compounds, the valence electrons of the isolated atoms combine to form chemical bonds that satisfy the octet rule. For instance, the four valence electrons of carbon overlap with electrons from four hydrogen atoms to form CH4. The one valence electron leaves sodium and adds to the seven valence electrons of chlorine to form the ionic formula unit NaCl (Figure 1a). Transition metals do not normally bond in this fashion. They primarily form coordinate covalent bonds, a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides

Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides

Published on: September 7, 2019

Copper Coordination Compounds as Biologically Active Agents.

Olga Krasnovskaya^1,2, Alexey Naumov¹, Dmitry Guk¹

¹Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1,3, Moscow 119991, Russia.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|June 4, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Copper coordination compounds show promise as less toxic alternatives to platinum chemotherapy and as diagnostic imaging agents. Their tunable properties offer diverse therapeutic and diagnostic applications for various diseases.

Keywords:

Alzheimer’s disease PET imagining agents antibacterial agents antitumor drug copper coordination compounds mycobacterium tuberculosis

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Last Updated: Dec 20, 2025

Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides

Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Techniques for Determining the Structure and Mechanisms of Metal Ion Recognition and Redox Activity of Metal Binding Oligopeptides

Published on: September 7, 2019

Structure and Coordination Determination of Peptide-metal Complexes Using 1D and 2D 1H NMR

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Quantifying the Binding Interactions Between CuII and Peptide Residues in the Presence and Absence of Chromophores

Published on: April 5, 2022

Area of Science:

Inorganic Chemistry
Medicinal Chemistry
Materials Science

Background:

Copper ions' redox activity and biogenicity enable diverse biological activities.
Coordination compounds offer tunable pharmacological properties via ligand modification.
Copper complexes present a safer, cost-effective alternative to platinum-based chemotherapy.

Purpose of the Study:

To review strategies for utilizing copper coordination compounds in disease treatment and diagnosis.
To explore the mechanisms underlying the antitumor and antimicrobial actions of these compounds.
To highlight the potential of 64Cu-labeled compounds for PET imaging.

Main Methods:

Literature review of studies on copper coordination compounds.
Analysis of structure-activity relationships in copper complexes.
Examination of research on therapeutic and diagnostic applications.

Main Results:

Copper coordination compounds exhibit broad-spectrum efficacy, including antitumor, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory effects.
64Cu-labeled compounds show potential for diagnosing cancers and Alzheimer's disease.
Mechanistic studies reveal pathways for antitumor and antimicrobial activity.

Conclusions:

Copper coordination compounds offer versatile therapeutic and diagnostic potential.
Further research into their mechanisms can optimize their clinical application.
These compounds represent a promising area for developing novel medical treatments and diagnostics.