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Cell Cycle Dysregulation Is Associated With 5-Fluorouracil Resistance in Gastric Cancer Cells

DA Som Kim1, Kyoungmi Min1, Suk Kyeong Lee2

  • 1Department of Medical Life Sciences, Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Anticancer Research
|June 4, 2020
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Continuous chemotherapy with 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) can lead to drug resistance in gastric cancer. This study found that cell cycle arrest and altered protein expression, not EMT, are key factors in developing 5-FU resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cancer Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a primary chemotherapeutic agent for gastric cancer.
  • Acquired resistance to 5-FU limits treatment efficacy.
  • Understanding resistance mechanisms is crucial for improving gastric cancer therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate molecular and cellular changes associated with 5-FU resistance in gastric cancer cells.
  • To determine the role of cell cycle regulation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in 5-FU resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Established five sublines of 5-FU-resistant AGS gastric cancer cells.
  • Assessed cross-resistance to other chemotherapeutic agents (paclitaxel, cisplatin).
  • Evaluated changes in cell proliferation, cell-cycle distribution, and wound healing capacity.

Main Results:

  • Commonly observed: retarded cell growth and G0/G1 phase arrest across all resistant sublines.
  • Consistent molecular changes: upregulation of p57 and downregulation of cyclin D1.
  • Acquired cross-resistance to paclitaxel and cisplatin in most sublines.

Conclusions:

  • G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, driven by altered p57 and cyclin D1 expression, is implicated in 5-FU resistance.
  • Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) does not appear essential for 5-FU resistance in this model.
  • These findings provide insights into mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance in gastric cancer.
Keywords:
5-FUDrug resistanceEMTcell cyclecyclin D1gastric cancerp57

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