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Quantifying Biophoton Emissions From Human Cells Directly Exposed to Low-Dose Gamma Radiation.

Jason Cohen1, Nguyen T K Vo2,3, David R Chettle1,3

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Summary

Gamma radiation induces biophoton emissions from cells, specifically ultraviolet A (UVA) biophotons. This finding suggests UVA biophotons may play a role in gamma-induced bystander effects.

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UVAbiophotonbystander effectgamma radiationhumannontargeted effect

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Cellular Biology
  • Radiation Biology

Background:

  • Biophoton emissions (BEs) are linked to bystander effects (BEs) in beta-irradiated cells.
  • Previous technical limitations hindered the study of biophotons in gamma-induced BEs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design an experimental method to detect and characterize biophotons emitted from gamma-irradiated cells.
  • To determine if gamma radiation induces biophoton emissions, and if so, their type and quantity.

Main Methods:

  • HCT116 p53+/+ cells were irradiated with 22 mGy of gamma radiation from a cesium-137 source at 45 mGy/min.
  • A lead-shielded single-photon detection unit was employed to measure photon emissions.
  • Photon emissions were analyzed at 340 nm (UVA range) and 610 nm.

Main Results:

  • Significantly higher photon emissions were detected from irradiated cells compared to a cell-free control.
  • Gamma-irradiated cells emitted 2.5 times more UVA biophotons (340 nm) than 610 nm biophotons.
  • This study provides the first evidence of gamma radiation inducing biophoton emissions from biological cells.

Conclusions:

  • Gamma radiation can induce biophoton emissions from cells.
  • The observed UVA biophoton emissions are likely involved in gamma radiation-induced bystander effects, similar to beta radiation.
  • Further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms of biophoton involvement in radiation-induced cellular responses.