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High proviral load of human T cell lymphotropic virus type-1 facilitates coronary artery diseases

Farnaz Mozayeni1, Seyed Abdolrahim Rezaee2, Farahzad Jabbari Azad1

  • 1Allergy Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
|June 4, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection may facilitate heart complications in endemic areas. Higher HTLV-1 proviral load (PVL) is linked to more severe coronary artery disease (CAD) manifestations.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Coronary artery disease (CAD) poses a significant global health threat.
  • The role of Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection in cardiac involvement remains under investigation, particularly in endemic regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between HTLV-1 infection and cardiac involvement in an endemic region of northeastern Iran.
  • To investigate the correlation between HTLV-1 proviral load (PVL) and the severity of coronary artery disease.

Main Methods:

  • Serologic and molecular tests were used to detect HTLV-1 infection in patients undergoing coronary angiography.
  • Real-time PCR (TaqMan method) quantified HTLV-1 PVL.
  • Routine hematological and biochemical tests were performed.

Main Results:

  • Patients with HTLV-1 and CAD (HTLV-1+CAD+) showed a higher mean HTLV-1 PVL (992.62±120 copies/10^4 PBMCs) compared to those with HTLV-1 but without CAD (HTLV-1+CAD-) (406.54±302 copies/10^4 PBMCs).
  • Higher HTLV-1 PVL was associated with more diffused atherosclerosis plaque (OR=6.87) and more severe coronary artery lesions.
  • Significant differences were observed in cholesterol and LDL levels, and monocyte count between groups.

Conclusions:

  • HTLV-1 infection appears to be a facilitating factor for cardiac complications in endemic areas.
  • Elevated HTLV-1 PVL may significantly influence the manifestations and severity of coronary artery disease.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiac involvementCoronary artery diseaseHTLV-1HTLV-1 Proviral loadReal-time PCR

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