Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes01:10

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes

3.1K
In the Carnot engine, which achieves the maximum efficiency between two reservoirs of fixed temperatures, the total change in entropy is zero. The observation can be generalized by considering any reversible cyclic process consisting of many Carnot cycles. Thus, it can be stated that the total entropy change of any ideal reversible cycle is zero.
The statement can be further generalized to prove that entropy is a state function. Take a cyclic process between any two points on a p-V diagram.
3.1K
Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics01:20

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

4.6K
The second law of thermodynamics can be stated quantitatively using the concept of entropy. Entropy is the measure of disorder of the system.
The relation  between entropy and disorder can be illustrated with the example of the phase change of ice to water. In ice, the molecules are located at specific sites giving a solid state, whereas, in a liquid form, these molecules are much freer to move. The molecular arrangement has therefore become more randomized. Although the change in average...
4.6K
Entropy02:39

Entropy

34.6K
Salt particles that have dissolved in water never spontaneously come back together in solution to reform solid particles. Moreover, a gas that has expanded in a vacuum remains dispersed and never spontaneously reassembles. The unidirectional nature of these phenomena is the result of a thermodynamic state function called entropy (S). Entropy is the measure of the extent to which the energy is dispersed throughout a system, or in other words, it is proportional to the degree of disorder of a...
34.6K
Entropy01:18

Entropy

3.4K
The first law of thermodynamics is quantitatively formulated via an equation relating the internal energy of a system, the heat exchanged by it, and the work done on it. A quantitative formulation of the second law of thermodynamics leads to defining a state function, the entropy.
When an ideal gas expands isothermally, the disorder in the gas increases. From the molecular perspective, the gas molecules have more volume to move around in.
Consider an infinitesimal step in the expansion, which...
3.4K
The Second Law of Thermodynamics01:14

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

6.5K
In the quest to identify a property that may reliably predict the spontaneity of a process, a promising candidate has been identified: entropy. Scientists refer to the measure of randomness or disorder within a system as entropy. High entropy means high disorder and low energy. To better understand entropy, think of a student’s bedroom. If no energy or work were put into it, the room would quickly become messy. It would exist in a very disordered state, one of high entropy. Energy must be...
6.5K
Second Law of Thermodynamics02:49

Second Law of Thermodynamics

26.4K
In the quest to identify a property that may reliably predict the spontaneity of a process, a promising candidate has been identified: entropy. Processes that involve an increase in entropy of the system (ΔS > 0) are very often spontaneous; however, examples to the contrary are plentiful. By expanding consideration of entropy changes to include the surroundings, a significant conclusion regarding the relation between this property and spontaneity may be reached. In thermodynamic models, the...
26.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Geometry-aware phase compensation for sampling-efficient angular spectrum method.

Optics express·2026
Same author

Highly Conductive Li-Excess Oxide to Facilitate Durable Interfaces in All-Solid-State Batteries.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same author

Comprehensive Understanding of Elemental Doping and Substitution of Ni-Rich Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries via In Situ Operando Analyses.

Small science·2025
Same author

Modulatory Effect of Blood LDL Cholesterol on the Association between Cerebral Aβ and Tau Deposition in Older Adults.

The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease·2024
Same author

Comparison of in-shoe plantar pressure between Korean combat boots and running shoes.

BMJ military health·2024
Same author

Diagnosis of osteochondral lesions of the talus on Dual-layer spectral detector CT arthrography: clinical feasibility of virtual noncontrast images.

Clinical radiology·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 19, 2025

Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology
13:44

Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology

Published on: March 11, 2015

9.8K

Entropy production and fluctuation theorems on complex networks.

Jaewoo Jung1, Jaegon Um1, Deokjae Lee1

  • 1CCSS, CTP and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea.

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)
|June 4, 2020
PubMed
Summary

This study quantifies entropy production in complex networks during data packet transport. Results show entropy production satisfies fluctuation theorems, aiding understanding of nonequilibrium processes.

More Related Videos

Microstate and Omega Complexity Analyses of the Resting-state Electroencephalography
06:40

Microstate and Omega Complexity Analyses of the Resting-state Electroencephalography

Published on: June 15, 2018

10.6K
Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline
10:44

Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline

Published on: December 7, 2021

2.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 19, 2025

Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology
13:44

Sealable Femtoliter Chamber Arrays for Cell-free Biology

Published on: March 11, 2015

9.8K
Microstate and Omega Complexity Analyses of the Resting-state Electroencephalography
06:40

Microstate and Omega Complexity Analyses of the Resting-state Electroencephalography

Published on: June 15, 2018

10.6K
Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline
10:44

Inherent Dynamics Visualizer, an Interactive Application for Evaluating and Visualizing Outputs from a Gene Regulatory Network Inference Pipeline

Published on: December 7, 2021

2.5K

Area of Science:

  • Statistical physics
  • Network science
  • Information theory

Background:

  • Entropy production (EP) is key to understanding irreversible processes in stochastic thermodynamics.
  • Complex networks can serve as state spaces for analyzing particle trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate entropy production in data packet transport on complex networks.
  • To analyze the relationship between network structure and EP.

Main Methods:

  • Enumerating total EP along all shortest paths between node pairs.
  • Analyzing probability density functions of trajectories.
  • Numerical simulations on complex networks.

Main Results:

  • EP is generated by complex pathways and back-and-forth movement.
  • A functional form for the EP distribution was proposed and validated.
  • The EP distribution was confirmed to satisfy detailed and integral fluctuation theorems.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides insights into trajectory-dependent EP in stochastic processes.
  • It explores nonequilibrium fluctuations arising from network pathway entanglement.
  • Findings are pedagogically valuable for understanding complex system dynamics.