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Prevalence of Asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection : A Narrative Review
1Scripps Research Translational Institute, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California (D.P.O., E.J.T.).
Annals of Internal Medicine
|June 4, 2020
Summary
Asymptomatic individuals constitute a significant portion, around 40-45%, of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. These individuals can silently spread the virus for over 14 days, highlighting the need for widespread testing.
Area of Science:
- * Infectious Diseases
- * Public Health Surveillance
- * Epidemiology
Background:
- * The rapid global spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), began in December 2019.
- * The role of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections in pandemic transmission has been a significant but uncertain factor.
Purpose of the Study:
- * To review and synthesize existing evidence on the prevalence and impact of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections.
- * To assess the transmission potential and clinical implications of asymptomatic cases.
Main Methods:
- * Systematic review and synthesis of available scientific literature on asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections.
- * Analysis of data regarding the proportion of asymptomatic cases and their transmission dynamics.
Main Results:
- * Asymptomatic individuals are estimated to account for 40% to 45% of all SARS-CoV-2 infections.
- * Asymptomatic transmission can occur for extended periods, potentially exceeding 14 days.
- * Subclinical lung abnormalities may be present in asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections, detectable via computed tomography.
Conclusions:
- * The substantial contribution of asymptomatic cases to SARS-CoV-2 spread necessitates their inclusion in testing programs.
- * Innovative public health surveillance strategies, including digital wearable data and wastewater monitoring, are recommended to supplement traditional diagnostic methods.
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