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Updated: Dec 19, 2025

Studying Interactions between Myeloid Cells and CAR T Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

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Published on: July 25, 2025

Cellular backpacks for macrophage immunotherapy.

C Wyatt Shields^1,2, Michael A Evans^1,2, Lily Li-Wen Wang^1,2,3

¹John A. Paulson School of Engineering & Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

Science Advances

|June 5, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Engineered "backpacks" control immune cells for cancer therapy. These particles guide macrophages to fight tumors, reducing cancer growth and spread in preclinical models.

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Published on: September 9, 2014

Area of Science:

Immunology
Biotechnology
Oncology

Background:

Adoptive cell therapies offer targeted disease treatment but face challenges controlling living cells' functions.
Macrophages are key immune cells that can be reprogrammed for therapeutic benefit.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an engineered particle, a
backpack
that can adhere to macrophages and regulate their phenotype in vivo.
To assess the efficacy of these engineered macrophages in controlling tumor growth and metastasis in a preclinical cancer model.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of engineered particles (
backpacks
) designed for macrophage surface adhesion and cytokine release.
In vivo administration of engineered macrophages in a murine breast cancer model.
Evaluation of macrophage phenotype, tumor growth, and metastatic burden.

Main Results:

Backpacks successfully adhered to macrophages, evading phagocytosis for several days.
Continuous cytokine release from backpacks guided macrophages toward durable antitumor phenotypes.
Engineered macrophages significantly reduced metastatic burden and slowed tumor growth compared to free cytokine treatment.

Conclusions:

Engineered backpacks provide a novel method for controlling and maintaining cellular phenotypes in adoptive immunotherapy.
This approach offers a promising strategy for enhancing the efficacy of cell-based cancer treatments.