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[Characterization of B1-cells during experimental leukomogenesis.]

I Y Ezdakova1, O V Kapustina1, M I Gulyukin1

  • 1All-Russian Scientific and Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine named after K.I. Scriabin and Ya.R. Kovalenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 109428, Russia.

Voprosy Virusologii
|June 5, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) primarily targets B1 cells. Early infection shows increased CD5+ cells, potentially T cells, while later stages reveal expanded IgM+ B cells and decreased CD5+ cells.

Keywords:
B cellsBLVcell receptorsimmunoglobulin Mimmunoperoxidase stainingmonoclonal antibodies

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Immunology
  • Virology
  • Bovine Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) causes persistent lymphocytosis (PL) in cattle.
  • PL involves polyclonal expansion of CD5+, IgM+ B lymphocytes.
  • Early B cell dynamics in BLV infection remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Quantify IgM+ and CD5+ B cells during the immune response to BLV.
  • Elucidate lymphocyte priming mechanisms in BLV infection.

Main Methods:

  • Experimentally infected 8-month-old calves (n=8) with BLV; controls (n=3) received saline.
  • Monitored B-lymphocyte populations (IgM+, CD5+) via immunoperoxidase staining.
  • Blood samples collected on days 5, 7, 14, 21, 28, and 65 post-infection.

Main Results:

  • CD5+ B cell levels increased by day 14, indicating polyclonal proliferation.
  • BLV appears to target CD5+ B cells initially.
  • Absence of surface IgM and CD5 aggregation on lymphocytes in infected cattle.

Conclusions:

  • B1 cells are a primary target for BLV.
  • IgM+ and CD5+ cells show functional differences early in infection.
  • Increased CD5+ cells may involve T cells, not solely B cells.