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Exercise Training Impacts Skeletal Muscle Clock Machinery in Prediabetes
Melissa L Erickson1, Hui Zhang, Jacob T Mey1
1Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA.
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
|June 5, 2020
Summary
Exercise training improved metabolic health and skeletal muscle molecular clock machinery in adults with obesity and prediabetes. Increased skeletal muscle BMAL1 gene expression was linked to better insulin sensitivity.
Area of Science:
- Exercise physiology
- Chronobiology
- Metabolic disease
Background:
- Disruption of the skeletal muscle molecular clock is linked to metabolic disease.
- Exercise interventions may restore circadian rhythms and improve metabolic health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of a 12-week exercise program on skeletal muscle molecular clock components in adults with obesity and prediabetes.
- To determine if changes in the molecular clock correlate with exercise-induced metabolic improvements.
Main Methods:
- A 12-week exercise intervention was conducted with adults (age 66 ± 4.5 yr, BMI 34 ± 3.4 kg·m) with obesity and prediabetes.
- Assessed body composition, abdominal adiposity, insulin sensitivity, exercise capacity, and skeletal muscle gene/protein expression of clock genes (BMAL1, CLOCK, CRY1/2, PER 1/2).
Main Results:
- Exercise training significantly improved body composition, insulin sensitivity, and exercise capacity (P < 0.005).
- Skeletal muscle BMAL1 gene expression (1.62 ± 1.01 fold change, P = 0.027) and PER2 protein expression (1.35 ± 0.05 fold change, P = 0.02) increased.
- BMAL1 gene expression changes correlated with improvements in glucose disposal rate, BMI, and body weight.
Conclusions:
- Exercise impacts skeletal muscle molecular clock machinery in adults with obesity and prediabetes.
- Increased skeletal muscle BMAL1 gene expression may be associated with improved insulin sensitivity.
- Further research is needed to clarify the physiological significance of these exercise-induced clock alterations.
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