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Detecting Light Dark Matter with Magnons.

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Detecting light dark matter (DM) is possible using collective excitations in condensed matter. This study shows dark matter with spin-dependent interactions can excite magnons, complementing phonon detection methods.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Particle Astrophysics
  • Dark Matter Detection

Background:

  • Light dark matter (DM) detection is challenging.
  • Spin-independent DM interactions can excite phonons.
  • New detection strategies are needed for different DM interaction types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore magnons as a detection channel for light dark matter.
  • To investigate dark matter coupling to electron spins.
  • To assess the potential of magnetic materials for dark matter searches.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of general formulae for single magnon excitation rates.
  • Analysis of dark matter scattering off magnetic materials.
  • Projection of experimental reach using yttrium iron garnet.

Main Results:

  • Dark matter scattering with electron spin can excite magnons.
  • Specific formulae for magnon excitation rates were derived.
  • Projected sensitivity was demonstrated for several spin-dependent dark matter models.

Conclusions:

  • Magnon excitations offer a promising new avenue for detecting light dark matter.
  • This method is complementary to phonon-based detection, probing different DM interactions.
  • Magnetic materials like yttrium iron garnet are viable targets for future dark matter experiments.