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Neuroplastic changes in resting-state functional connectivity after rTMS intervention for methamphetamine craving.

Hang Su1, Yilin Liu2, Dazhi Yin3

  • 1Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Neuropharmacology
|June 8, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) reduced methamphetamine craving. Neuroplastic changes in frontoparietal connectivity correlated with this craving reduction, suggesting a therapeutic mechanism for methamphetamine use disorder.

Keywords:
CravingFunctional connectivityMethamphetamineNeuroplasticityTranscranial magnetic stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Amphetamine-type stimulants are widely abused, with limited treatment options.
  • Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has shown promise in reducing craving for methamphetamine.
  • The underlying neuroplastic mechanisms of rTMS in methamphetamine use disorder require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neuroplastic effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), a form of rTMS, on brain functional connectivity in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder.
  • To determine if rTMS-induced changes in functional connectivity correlate with reductions in craving.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty participants with severe methamphetamine use disorder received 20 daily sessions of either iTBS or sham rTMS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC).
  • Resting-state functional connectivity MRI was performed before and after the intervention.
  • Seed-based functional connectivity analysis examined changes in brain networks following rTMS, alongside craving ratings after cue exposure.

Main Results:

  • Twenty daily rTMS sessions significantly decreased craving.
  • rTMS increased functional connectivity between the left DLPFC and the inferior parietal lobule.
  • rTMS decreased functional connectivity between the insula and inferior parietal lobule, medial temporal lobe, and precuneus. Increased DLPFC-inferior parietal lobule connectivity correlated with craving reduction.

Conclusions:

  • Neuroplastic alterations in frontoparietal functional connectivity are associated with reduced craving in methamphetamine use disorder.
  • rTMS, specifically iTBS over the DLPFC, demonstrates a potential therapeutic mechanism for treating methamphetamine use disorder through modulation of brain networks.
  • This study provides insights into the neurobiological underpinnings of rTMS efficacy in addiction treatment.