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CTP synthase forms cytoophidia in archaea.

Shuang Zhou1, Hua Xiang2, Ji-Long Liu3

  • 1School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.

Journal of Genetics and Genomics = Yi Chuan Xue Bao
|June 9, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cytoplasmic CTP synthase (CTPS) forms filamentous structures called cytoophidia in archaea, similar to bacteria and eukaryotes. This suggests cytoophidia formation is an ancient trait of CTPS across all domains of life.

Keywords:
ArchaeaCTP synthaseCytoophidiumHaloarcula hispanica

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Microbiology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Cytoplasmic CTP synthase (CTPS) is a key enzyme in nucleotide biosynthesis.
  • CTPS forms filamentous structures (cytoophidia) in bacteria and eukaryotes.
  • The presence of cytoophidia in archaea remained unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the existence and characteristics of CTPS structures in archaea.
  • To determine if CTPS forms cytoophidia in the third domain of life.
  • To understand factors influencing cytoophidia formation in archaea.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Haloarcula hispanica as a model archaeon.
  • Employed stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy for high-resolution imaging.
  • Manipulated culture conditions (low-salt medium) and genetic factors (glutamine analog, CTPS overexpression).

Main Results:

  • CTPS forms distinct, elongated intracellular compartments in Haloarcula hispanica, resembling bacterial and eukaryotic cytoophidia.
  • Cytoophidia formation significantly increased in low-salt conditions.
  • Glutamine analog treatment and CTPS overexpression promoted cytoophidium assembly.

Conclusions:

  • CTPS forms cytoophidia in archaea, extending observations to all three domains of life.
  • Cytoophidia formation is an ancient characteristic of CTPS.
  • Environmental and cellular factors influence CTPS cytoophidia assembly.