Lower knee extensor and flexor strength is associated with varus thrust in people with knee osteoarthritis

Varus thrust during walking is common in people with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and can increase the risk of disease progression. Lower limb muscle strength, particularly isokinetic strength, may play a role in varus thrust. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between varus thrust and isokinetic strength knee extensors and flexors in people with and without knee OA . Data from participants with (n = 28) and without (n = 68) knee OA were used. All participants underwent gait analysis during walking at a self-selected pace. Isokinetic knee extensor and flexor strength were measured at 60°/s and 120°/s. Varus thrust was measured using peak knee adduction velocity and knee adduction excursion during the first half of stance. Multiple linear regression was used to examine relationships between strength and varus thrust in the two groups separately while adjusting for age, sex, walking speed, and static alignment. In those with knee OA, knee extensor (Model R² = 27.0%) and flexor torque (Model R² = 28.5%) at 60°/s were negatively associated with peak adduction velocity. No other associations were seen between strength and varus thrust measures in the OA group. No associations were seen in the control group. Lower isokinetic knee extensor and flexor muscle at 60°/s strength is related to greater magnitude of varus thrust in individuals with knee OA but not in those without OA. Isokinetic strength deficits may be involved in varus thrust.