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Analysis of the smear layer generated by different activation systems: an in vitro study
L Rius1, A Arias2,3, J M Aranguren1
1School of Dentistry, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos (URJC), Av. Atenas, S/N, 28922, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain.
Clinical Oral Investigations
|June 11, 2020
Summary
Irrisafe generated the least smear layer during root canal activation. Sonic activation with Endoactivator also performed well in the apical third, showing less smear layer formation.
Area of Science:
- Endodontics
- Dental Materials Science
- Microscopy
Background:
- Smear layer formation is a critical challenge in root canal treatment.
- Current irrigation protocols aim to remove smear layer, but final activation steps may inadvertently create new smear layer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate smear layer generation by sonic and ultrasonic activation systems during canal wall contact.
- To compare the efficacy of different activation systems in minimizing smear layer.
Main Methods:
- Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess smear layer.
- Seventy human teeth were instrumented and assigned to control or experimental groups using sonic (Endoactivator, Eddy) or ultrasonic (Irrisafe, EndoUltra) systems.
- Intentional canal wall contacts were standardized during activation with sodium hypochlorite and EDTA irrigation.
Main Results:
- Irrisafe generated significantly less smear layer in the coronal third compared to other systems.
- Irrisafe demonstrated superior performance over Eddy and EndoUltra in the middle and apical thirds.
- Endoactivator showed better results than EndoUltra and Eddy in the apical third.
Conclusions:
- Irrisafe effectively minimizes smear layer formation throughout the root canal.
- Endoactivator offers comparable smear layer reduction to Irrisafe in the apical third.
- Understanding smear layer generation during activation is crucial for optimizing root canal cleaning.
