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Factors influencing peak bone mass gain
Xiaowei Zhu1,2,3, Houfeng Zheng4,5,6
1Disease & Population (DaP) Geninfo Lab, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, 310024, China.
Frontiers of Medicine
|June 11, 2020
Summary
Maximizing peak bone mass (PBM) during adolescence is crucial for preventing osteoporosis and fractures later in life. Lifestyle factors significantly influence PBM, offering a key strategy for bone health optimization.
Area of Science:
- Bone biology and osteoporosis research
- Adolescent health and development
- Public health and preventative medicine
Background:
- Peak bone mass (PBM) is a critical determinant of osteoporosis and fracture risk.
- Epidemiological data indicate a 50% fracture risk reduction for every 10% PBM increase.
- Low PBM, often resulting from adolescent bone loss, contributes to future bone fragility.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review evidence on factors influencing bone mass gain during growth.
- To discuss strategies for optimizing PBM in adolescents and young adults.
- To explore advancements in achieving higher PBM.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of epidemiological and clinical studies.
- Synthesis of evidence on modifiable and non-modifiable factors affecting PBM.
- Analysis of lifestyle and secondary causes impacting bone accrual.
Main Results:
- Genetics, race, and gender are primary PBM determinants.
- Physical activity, calcium/vitamin D intake, weight, and substance use significantly impact PBM.
- Secondary causes like diseases and medications also play a role in PBM development.
Conclusions:
- Optimizing lifestyle factors is essential for maximizing PBM in youth.
- Early intervention strategies can mitigate osteoporosis risk in later life.
- Further research into PBM development advances bone health strategies.
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