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Tumor microenvironment in gastric cancers.
Yukiko Oya1, Yoku Hayakawa1, Kazuhiko Koike1
1Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate school of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Cancer Science
|June 11, 2020
Summary
The tumor microenvironment supports cancer growth through interactions between cancer cells and stromal cells like fibroblasts and immune cells. Understanding these complex interactions is key to identifying new therapeutic targets for cancer treatment.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cell Biology
- Immunology
Background:
- The tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial for cancer cell growth and expansion.
- Stromal cells within the TME, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and endothelial cells, significantly influence tumor progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent findings on interactions within the TME, focusing on cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), immune cells, and endothelial cells.
- To highlight insights gained from mouse gastric cancer models.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent advances in TME research.
- Focus on studies utilizing mouse gastric cancer models.
Main Results:
- CAFs exhibit heterogeneous functions, with some promoting and others restraining tumor growth.
- Immune cells like tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) contribute to gastric tumorigenesis.
- Endothelial cells not only supply tumors but also interact with cancer stem cells and immune cells, forming a cancer niche.
Conclusions:
- Interactions between various cell types in the TME are complex and multifaceted.
- Understanding these TME interactions is essential for discovering novel therapeutic strategies against cancer.
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