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Salidroside - Can it be a Multifunctional Drug?

Sri Krishna Jayadev Magani1, Sri Durgambica Mupparthi2, Bhanu Prakash Gollapalli3

  • 1Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Greater Noida, India.

Current Drug Metabolism
|June 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Salidroside, a compound from Rhodiola spp., demonstrates significant anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and neuroprotective effects by modulating key molecular pathways. Further research aims to translate these findings into clinical applications for various diseases.

Keywords:
4-hydroxyphenyl acetaldehyde (4-HPAA)Salidrosidecancerdiabetisglucronidationtyrosol

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Natural Products Chemistry
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Salidroside, a glucoside of tyrosol from Rhodiola spp., possesses a wide range of biological and pharmacological properties.
  • Extensive research has identified its potential in treating various conditions, including cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Despite its known activities, a comprehensive review of its metabolism and therapeutic applications is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of salidroside metabolism.
  • To detail its role in alleviating metabolic disorders and diseases.
  • To elucidate its molecular interactions and pathways involved in its pharmacological activities.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on salidroside metabolism.
  • Analysis of studies on salidroside's therapeutic effects.
  • Examination of molecular pathways targeted by salidroside.

Main Results:

  • Salidroside undergoes Phase I and II biotransformation into various metabolites.
  • Its anti-cancer activity is linked to the inhibition of PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT, and MEK/ERK pathways, alongside promoting apoptosis and autophagy.
  • Anti-diabetic effects involve AMPK pathway modulation, while neuroprotection is associated with reduced oxidative stress and inflammation via Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-κB pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Salidroside metabolism involves plant-based synthesis and subsequent biotransformation into active metabolites.
  • Specific molecular pathways, including PI3K/AKT, JAK/STAT, MEK/ERK, AMPK, Nrf2/HO-1, and NF-κB, are crucial for salidroside's diverse therapeutic actions.
  • These findings support the potential clinical translation of salidroside as a multi-functional therapeutic agent.