Thermography-Based Deterioration Detection in Concrete Bridge Girders Strengthened with Carbon Fiber-Reinforced...

In bridge structures worldwide, carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets are applied to strengthen weak components, especially concrete girders that are at a high risk of rapid degradation during the bridge's operation owing to impacts from the superstructure's weight and traffic loads. Regarding the thermography-based method (TM), although deteriorations in the concrete core are some of the main defects in concrete structures strengthened with CFRP, these do not receive as much attention as damage in the CFRP. Therefore, the interpretation of the structural health in terms of these defects using TM is still unclear. The problem presented in this work addresses the quantification of delamination inside the concrete part of a specimen with a CFRP sheet installed on the surface (assumed to be the girder surface strengthened with CFRP) via step heating thermography. Additionally, the empirical thermal diffusivity of concrete girders strengthened with a CFRP sheet (CSC girder), has not been provided previously, is proposed in the present study to predict delamination depths used for field investigations. Moreover, the effect of the CFRP sheet installed on the structure's surface on the absolute contrast of delamination is clarified. Finally, advanced post-processing algorithms, i.e., thermal signal reconstruction and pulsed phase thermography, are applied to images obtained with step heating thermography to enhance the visibility of delamination in CSC girders.