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Developing red cell flow orientation shown by changes in blood reflectivity.

D E McMillan1, N G Utterback, M M Lee

  • 1University of South Florida, James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa 33612.

Biorheology
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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The study reveals how red blood cells orient during flow. Increased reflectivity indicates erythrocyte orientation, occurring rapidly even at low shear rates, independent of shear rate when unaggregated.

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Hematology
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Erythrocyte flow orientation is crucial for blood rheology.
  • Previous studies have not quantified the onset rate of erythrocyte flow orientation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish the rate of onset of erythrocyte flow orientation.
  • To investigate the relationship between shear rate, hematocrit, and blood reflectivity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a cylinder-in-cylinder viscometer to apply shear rates (4-100 s⁻¹) to blood and resuspended erythrocytes at varying hematocrits (41%, 60%).
  • Measured reflectivity using video recordings before, during, and after shearing.
  • Analyzed reflectivity changes in relation to shear strain and shear rate.

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Main Results:

  • Increased reflectivity, indicating erythrocyte orientation, was observed even at the lowest shear rates.
  • The time to stabilize reflectivity was inversely proportional to shear rate.
  • Onset of increased reflection (in shear strain units) was independent of shear rate for unaggregated cells.
  • Unaggregated cells showed higher reflectivity than aggregated cells, persisting after shearing stopped.

Conclusions:

  • Flow-mediated rotation of erythrocytes towards the shear plane characterizes flow onset.
  • Reflectivity increase and shear stress overshoot are closely related to erythrocyte orientation.
  • Specular reflection from red cells near the inner cup surface is responsible for increased light return during flow.