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This study measured (electron, electron-prime, proton) breakup reactions in helium-3 and tritium. Results validate nuclear models for three-nucleon systems at high nucleon momenta.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Quantum Chromodynamics
  • Few-Body Systems

Background:

  • Understanding the structure of light nuclei like helium-3 and tritium is crucial for nuclear physics.
  • High momentum transfer reactions probe short-range nucleon-nucleon correlations within nuclei.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure (electron, electron-prime, proton) three-body breakup cross sections in helium-3 and tritium.
  • To investigate quasielastic scattering at large momentum transfer and Bjorken-x greater than 1.
  • To compare experimental data with state-of-the-art ab initio calculations.

Main Methods:

  • Performed (e,e'p) three-body breakup reaction measurements.
  • Analyzed cross sections at high momentum transfer (Q^2 ≈ 1.9 GeV/c)^2 and x_B > 1.
  • Covered missing momenta from 40 to 500 MeV/c.

Main Results:

  • Observed good agreement (within 20%) between data and calculations for tritium across the full missing momentum range.
  • Found agreement for helium-3 within 100-350 MeV/c, with improvements at higher momenta when including rescattering effects.
  • Demonstrated that calculations accurately describe the isoscalar sum of helium-3 and tritium cross sections.

Conclusions:

  • Validated current theoretical models of the three-nucleon system ground state up to high initial nucleon momenta (500 MeV/c).
  • Provided evidence for the contribution of charge-exchange rescattering in the breakup process.
  • Confirmed the sensitivity of quasielastic scattering to single nucleon momentum distributions.