Hip implant performance prediction by acoustic emission techniques: a review

Nowadays, acoustic emission (AE) has its applications in various areas, including mechanical, civil, underwater acoustics, and biomedical engineering. It is a non-destructive evaluation (NDE) and a non-intrusive method to detect active damage mechanisms such as crack growth, delamination, and processes such as friction, continuous wear, etc. The application of AE in orthopedics, especially in hip implant monitoring, is an emerging research field. This article presents a thorough literature review associated with the implementation of acoustic emission as a diagnostic tool for total hip replacement (THR) implants. Structural health monitoring of an implant via acoustic emission and vibration analysis is an evolving research area in the field of biomedical engineering. A review of the literature reveals a lack of reliable, non-invasive, and non-traumatic early warning methods to evaluate implant loosening that can help to identify patients at risk for osteolysis prior to implant failure. Developing an intelligent acoustic emission technique with excellent condition monitoring capabilities will be an achievement of great importance that fills the gaps or drawbacks associated with osteolysis/implant failure. Graphical abstract.