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Related Concept Videos

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena01:15

Drug Abuse and Addiction: Pharmacological Phenomena

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Drug dependence, abuse, and addiction are complex phenomena that can precipitate various abnormal states. Physical dependence refers to a state of pharmacological adaptation to a drug. This adaptation often results in tolerance—a reduced response to the drug after repeated administrations. When the drug use is abruptly stopped, withdrawal symptoms occur due to the body's need to readjust from the pharmacologically induced imbalance. However, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms do not...
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CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine01:27

CNS Depressants: Alcohol and Nicotine

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Ethanol, a clear colorless alcohol, has been consumed by humans for millennia, but its effects on the body are far from benign. At lower doses, it induces decreased inhibitions and loquaciousness, leading to its social appeal. However, it can cause severe consequences at higher doses, such as coma and respiratory depression, due to its zero-order elimination kinetics. Chronic ethanol abuse wreaks havoc on multiple organ systems, particularly the CNS and the liver. Abrupt cessation of ethanol...
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Drug Dependence01:17

Drug Dependence

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Medications are typically administered to achieve therapeutic effects. Some drugs can modify an individual's mood and perception, frequently resulting in various enjoyable experiences. However, this can result in drug dependency, a condition marked by continuous drug use despite potential negative consequences. Drug dependency primarily falls into two categories: psychological and physical dependence. Psychological dependence occurs when the pleasurable feelings induced by the drug...
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Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep01:24

Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep

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Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
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Stimulants01:29

Stimulants

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Stimulants are substances that enhance neural activity and elevate dopamine levels in the brain, leading to their highly addictive nature. These drugs include cocaine, amphetamines, MDMA, caffeine, and nicotine, each with distinct mechanisms of action and varied health implications.
Cocaine can be administered via snorting, injection, or smoking. It primarily functions by blocking the reuptake of dopamine, resulting in a euphoric high characterized by an intense sensation of happiness and...
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Stress and Mental Health01:30

Stress and Mental Health

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Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
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Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Chronic Intermittent Ethanol Vapor Exposure Paired with Two-Bottle Choice to Model Alcohol Use Disorder
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COVID-19 and addiction.

Mahua Jana Dubey1, Ritwik Ghosh2, Subham Chatterjee3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Specialist Medical Officer, Department of Psychiatry, Berhampore Mental Hospital, Berhampore, Mushridabad, West Bengal, India.

Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome
|June 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbates substance use disorders (SUD), increasing infection risk and worsening outcomes. Resuming deaddiction services and improving access to care are crucial public health priorities.

Keywords:
AddictionAlcoholBehavioral addictionCOVID-19InternetOpioidPandemicSARS-CoV2Smoking

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Addiction Psychiatry
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic presents significant psychosocial challenges globally.
  • Individuals with substance use disorders (SUD) face heightened vulnerability to COVID-19 infection and increased psychosocial burden.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the complex, bi-directional relationship between COVID-19 and addiction.
  • To highlight the dual public health threat posed by these colliding pandemics.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of PubMed and Google Scholar using keywords related to COVID-19 and various forms of addiction.
  • Inclusion of relevant newspaper reports to contextualize findings.

Main Results:

  • People with SUD exhibit a higher risk of adverse COVID-19 outcomes.
  • A notable increase in addictive behaviors, including relapse and new-onset behavioral addictions, has been observed during the pandemic.
  • Increased reports of withdrawal emergencies and fatalities among individuals with SUD, compounded by difficulties accessing healthcare and increased reliance on illegal drug procurement.

Conclusions:

  • COVID-19 and addiction represent converging pandemics creating a substantial public health crisis.
  • Public awareness regarding the detrimental effects of SUD on COVID-19 prognosis is essential.
  • Urgent resumption of deaddiction services and enhanced accessibility to prescription medications are critical interventions.