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Pituitary Apoplexy Leading to Cerebral Infarction: A Systematic Review
Qiuhong Jiang1, Su Xiao1, Liming Shu2
1Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangzhou, China.
Background:
Cerebral infarction caused by pituitary apoplexy (PA) is rare. To characterize the clinical features of cerebral infarction caused by PA, we performed a systematic review.
Summary:
The clinical symptoms are mainly sudden headache, hemiplegia, visual impairment, disturbance of consciousness, and ophthalmalgia in patients with cerebral infarction caused by PA. Treatment for this type of infarction is different from treatment for general acute cerebral infarction. Compared to patients who underwent emergency surgery and conservative treatment, patients treated with delayed surgery showed a better prognosis and a lower mortality rate. Compared to patients who underwent craniotomy or conservative treatment, patients who underwent transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) not only improved well but also showed a lower mortality rate. Key Messages: PA rarely causes cerebral infarction, which is a critical condition with a poor prognosis and is more common in men. Delayed surgery and TSS appear to confer a better prognosis in patients with this condition.
