Codon usage pattern and predicted gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana

The extensive research for predicting highly expressed genes in plant genome sequences has been going on for decades. The codon usage pattern of genes in Arabidopsis thaliana genome is a classical topic for plant biologists for its significance in the understanding of molecular plant biology. Here we have used a gene expression profiling methodology based on the score of modified relative codon bias (MRCBS) to elucidate expression pattern of genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. MRCBS relies exclusively on sequence features for identifying the highly expressed genes. In this study, a critical analysis of predicted highly expressed (PHE) genes in Arabidopsis thaliana has been performed using MRCBS as a numerical estimator of gene expression level. Consistent with previous other results, our study indicates that codon composition plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression. We found a systematic strong correlation between MRCBS and CAI (codon adaptation index) or other expression-measures. Additionally, MRCBS correlates well with experimental gene expression data. Our study highlights the relationship between gene expression and compositional signature in relation to codon usage bias and sets the ground for the further investigation of the evolution of the protein-coding genes in the plant genome.