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Pan drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii causing nosocomial infections among burnt children

Behnam Sobouti1, Maryam Mirshekar2,3, Shahrzad Fallah4

  • 1Burn Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran
|June 20, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pan drug-resistant (PDR) Acinetobacter baumannii strains are a significant threat in burnt children. Clinical microbiology labs must evaluate these resistant strains to combat antimicrobial resistance.

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • Nosocomial infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii are a growing global concern due to increasing multidrug resistance (MDR).
  • Antibiotic-resistant A. baumannii strains pose a persistent challenge in treating infected patients, necessitating ongoing surveillance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To monitor and characterize antibiotic resistance patterns among Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from pediatric burn patients.
  • To identify the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), and pan drug-resistant (PDR) A. baumannii in this vulnerable population.

Main Methods:

  • Biochemical identification confirmed 62 Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from 115 initial samples.
  • Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) tested colistin susceptibility; disk agar diffusion assessed resistance to Ciprofloxacin, Amikacin, Gentamicin, Cefepime, Meropenem, Imipenem, Ceftazidime, Levofloxacin, and Piperacillin/Tazobactam.
  • Isolates were classified as MDR, XDR, or PDR based on established antimicrobial susceptibility criteria.

Main Results:

  • Out of 62 A. baumannii strains, 58% (36/62) were classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR).
  • A significant proportion were extensively drug-resistant (XDR) at 27.5% (17/62), and 14.5% (9/62) exhibited pan drug resistance (PDR).
  • These findings highlight a high prevalence of severe antibiotic resistance in pediatric burn infections.

Conclusions:

  • The study underscores the critical need for clinical microbiology laboratories to actively evaluate MDR, XDR, and PDR Acinetobacter baumannii strains.
  • Effective monitoring and reporting of these resistant strains are essential steps in mitigating the global threat of antimicrobial resistance, particularly in immunocompromised patient populations like burnt children.
Keywords:
Acinetobacter baumanniiBurnt ChildrenPDR

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