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Updated: Dec 18, 2025
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Autonomic Function Following Concussion in Youth Athletes: An Exploration of Heart Rate Variability Using 24-hour Recording Methodology
Published on: September 21, 2018
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Assessment of a dive incident using heart rate variability
André Zenske1, Andreas Koch2, Wataru Kähler2
1Klinikum St. Elisabeth, Straubing, Germany.
Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine
|June 20, 2020
Summary
Scuba diving impacts the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis of divers during a stressful event showed altered ANS function, demonstrating HRV
Area of Science:
- Physiology
- Marine Biology
- Diving Medicine
Background:
- Scuba diving influences the autonomic nervous system (ANS).
- Underwater electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings were used to measure heart rate variability (HRV).
- An unexpected stressful incident occurred during a dive trial when a regulator iced and free-flowed.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the impact of scuba diving on the ANS.
- To evaluate the utility of heart rate variability (HRV) in quantifying stress during diving.
Main Methods:
- A portable Holter monitor was protected in a custom-built waterproof housing.
- ECGs were recorded from three experienced divers during an unplanned stressful diving incident.
- Short-term heart rate variability (HRV) measures were analyzed from the ECG signals.
Main Results:
- Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis yielded consistent results after time-alignment.
- Divers exhibited an improved sympatho-vagal balance post-incident.
- One diver showed increased sympathetic and vagal activity shortly after the stressful event.
Conclusions:
- Conventional open-water diving affects the ANS in experienced divers, as indicated by HRV.
- HRV is a valuable tool for quantifying diving-related stress.
- HRV data can inform research on diving stressors like cold, exercise, and breathing gases.
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