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The role of long non-coding RNA CASC2 in the carcinogenesis process

Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard1, Sepideh Dashti1, Mohammad Taheri1

  • 1Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapie
|June 21, 2020
PubMed

Insights

The long non-coding RNA CASC2 generally acts as a tumor suppressor, showing decreased levels in many cancers. Its restoration may offer a new therapeutic strategy for human cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • The long non-coding RNA cancer susceptibility candidate 2 (lncRNA CASC2) was identified at the 10q26 genomic locus, frequently lost in endometrial cancer.
  • CASC2 is downregulated in various cancers (glioma, breast, colorectal, lung, ovarian, hepatocellular carcinoma), but upregulated in astrocytoma and paclitaxel-resistant breast cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the expression patterns, functions, and diagnostic significance of CASC2 in human cancers.
  • To consolidate evidence supporting CASC2's tumor suppressor role and therapeutic potential.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of cell line studies, animal investigations, and human studies.
  • Analysis of CASC2 expression levels, functional roles (proliferation suppression, apoptosis induction), and diagnostic utility.

Main Results:

  • In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate CASC2's ability to suppress cell proliferation and tumorigenesis.
  • CASC2 exhibits diagnostic potential, particularly in pituitary adenomas and oral squamous cell carcinoma.
  • Evidence predominantly supports a tumor suppressor role for CASC2.

Conclusions:

  • CASC2 functions as a tumor suppressor in most human cancers.
  • Upregulation of CASC2 presents a potential therapeutic approach for cancer treatment.
Keywords:
CASC2CancerlncRNA

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