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Physiological Effect of Ghrelin on Body Systems
Yonas Akalu1, Meseret Derbew Molla2, Gashaw Dessie2
1Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
International Journal of Endocrinology
|June 23, 2020
Summary
Ghrelin, a multifaceted hormone, impacts all body systems, influencing appetite, metabolism, and organ protection. Understanding its widespread effects is key for developing new therapeutic strategies.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Physiology
Background:
- Ghrelin is a novel hormone with diverse physiological roles.
- Its comprehensive effects across multiple body systems are increasingly recognized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and consolidate the known physiological effects of ghrelin.
- To highlight the therapeutic implications of ghrelin's actions on various body systems.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of existing literature on ghrelin's functions.
- Analysis of ghrelin's impact on metabolic, cardiovascular, neurological, and other physiological processes.
Main Results:
- Ghrelin influences appetite, metabolism (carbohydrate and lipid), gastric function, cardiovascular performance, and blood pressure.
- It plays roles in neurocognition, reward, sleep, and sensory functions.
- Ghrelin exhibits protective effects on kidneys, heart, and brain, alongside sympatholytic, analgesic, antimicrobial, antifibrotic, and osteogenic properties. It also impacts skeletal muscle, puberty, fetal development, and hormone release (GH, prolactin, cortisol, etc.), while inhibiting insulin release and promoting wound healing.
Conclusions:
- Ghrelin exerts profound and widespread effects across virtually all body systems.
- Further research into ghrelin's molecular mechanisms and therapeutic applications as a GHSR agonist is warranted to treat diseases without adverse effects.
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