Lycium ruthenicum Murr. alleviates nonalcoholic fatty liver in mice

Oxidative stress and inflammation contribute to hypertriglyceridemia-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Cholesterol-enriched diets increase the risk of NAFLD. Lycium ruthenium Murr. (LRM) contains water-soluble antioxidant proanthocyanidins. Whether Lycium ruthenium Murr. improves NAFLD remains elusive. In this study, we established a model of NAFLD-induced by cholesterol-enriched high-fat diet (western diet) in ApoE ^-/- mice; oxidative stress and inflammation were examined and intervened by supplement of Lycium ruthenium Murr. (LRM) extracts. LRM supplement did not influence body weight gain, food intake, and lipotoxicity of mice. LRM supplement significantly alleviated triglyceride accumulation in liver, with reduced inflammation, elevated GSH-Px activity, and reduced MDA levels. The expression of fatty acids oxidative gene Scd1 was significantly increased, and fatty acids synthesis-related gene Pparγ was dramatically downregulated on mRNA level in liver of mice with LRM supplement. These data demonstrated that LRM supplement decreased ROS production and inflammation, increased fatty acids oxidation, and reduced fatty acids synthesis in liver, leading to ameliorate the development of NAFLD induced by high western diet. Thus, oxidative stress and inflammation also are involved in the pathogenesis of western diet-induced NAFLD, which is independent of obesity.