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Human Adenovirus Type 55 Distribution, Regional Persistence, and Genetic Variability
Human adenovirus type 55 (HAdV-55) causes respiratory illness globally. Genomic analysis reveals worldwide distribution and recent strains show high homogeneity, with regional variations indicating local spread and occasional international introductions.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Genomics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Human adenovirus type 55 (HAdV-55) is an emerging pathogen causing acute respiratory disease.
- HAdV-55 is endemic in China and South Korea, necessitating global prevalence data.
- Understanding HAdV-55's global spread is crucial for public health, especially in civilian and military settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the global prevalence and genetic diversity of HAdV-55.
- To analyze the evolutionary patterns and transmission dynamics of HAdV-55 worldwide.
- To identify potential genetic factors influencing HAdV-55 infectivity and transmission.
Main Methods:
- Whole-genome sequencing of HAdV-55 isolates from diverse countries (1969-2018).
- Genomic and proteomic comparison of viral strains.
- Phylogenetic analyses to reconstruct evolutionary relationships and infer transmission routes.
Main Results:
- HAdV-55 exhibits worldwide distribution, with recent isolates showing significant genomic homogeneity.
- Distinct regional strains circulated for extended periods, indicating persistent local transmission.
- Sporadic introductions of specific HAdV-55 strains into new geographic areas were observed.
- Identified amino acid mutations may impact viral functions, infectivity, and transmission.
Conclusions:
- HAdV-55 is a globally distributed virus with a recent trend towards genomic uniformity.
- Regional circulation patterns suggest established local transmission networks.
- Genetic variations, including specific mutations, may play a role in the ongoing evolution and spread of HAdV-55.
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