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Related Concept Videos

Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria01:10

Recrystallization: Solid–Solution Equilibria

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Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
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Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization01:25

Crystal Growth: Principles of Crystallization

4.4K
Crystallization is a phase transformation process in which crystals are precipitated from a supersaturated solution or formed from other sources. During crystallization, atoms or molecules arrange themselves into a well-defined, rigid crystal lattice to minimize energy.
Initiating crystallization involves manipulating the concentration of the solute and the temperature of the solution. Since crystal growth occurs when the ratio of concentration and solubility of the solute in the solvent...
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Precipitation Processes01:12

Precipitation Processes

4.1K
The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
4.1K
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

3.7K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
3.7K
Solution Equilibrium and Saturation01:59

Solution Equilibrium and Saturation

21.3K
Imagine adding a small amount of sugar to a glass of water, stirring until all the sugar has dissolved, and then adding a bit more. You can repeat this process until the sugar concentration of the solution reaches its natural limit, a limit determined primarily by the relative strengths of the solute-solute, solute-solvent, and solvent-solvent attractive forces. You can be certain that you have reached this limit because, no matter how long you stir the solution, undissolved sugar remains. The...
21.3K
Types of Coprecipitation01:10

Types of Coprecipitation

4.4K
Coprecipitation is the contamination of a precipitate by otherwise soluble species and occurs via different processes. In colloidal precipitates, coprecipitation occurs via surface adsorption. For instance, barium sulfate has a primary layer of adsorbed barium ions and a secondary layer of nitrate counterions. This results in contamination of the precipitate by barium nitrate.
Sometimes, ions in a crystal lattice can undergo isomorphous replacement by inclusions of similar charge and size. For...
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Protein Crystallization for X-ray Crystallography
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Nonclassical Recrystallization.

Julian Brunner1, Britta Maier1, Rose Rosenberg1

  • 1Physical Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|June 23, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recrystallizing nanocrystals into mesocrystals efficiently purifies nanoparticles, achieving unprecedented size and shape uniformity. This novel method offers a general purification strategy for monodisperse nanoparticle synthesis.

Keywords:
analytical ultracentrifugationmesocrystalsnanocrystalsrecrystallizationsize separation

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • Monodisperse nanoparticles are crucial for advanced materials science and nanotechnology applications.
  • Current purification methods lack generality for narrowing nanoparticle size and shape distributions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce an efficient and general purification method for generating monodisperse nanocrystals.
  • To investigate the recrystallization of nanocrystals into mesocrystals as a purification technique.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical Ultracentrifugation (AUC) for high-resolution characterization of nanoparticle size and shape distributions.
  • Multiple recrystallization steps of nanocrystals to form mesocrystals.

Main Results:

  • Achieved exceptional nanoparticle size-distribution (PDIc = 1.0001) and shape uniformity.
  • Demonstrated that mesocrystal formation acts as a size- and shape-selective purification process.
  • Showcased long-range packing ordering and preferential crystallographic orientation within mesocrystals.

Conclusions:

  • Mesocrystal formation via recrystallization is a highly effective strategy for producing monodisperse nanocrystals.
  • This method provides a general purification approach, overcoming limitations of existing techniques.
  • The study offers significant insights into the fundamental principles of mesocrystal formation and nanoparticle crystallization.