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Unilateral Cleavage Furrows in Multinucleate Cells.

Julia Bindl1, Eszter Sarolta Molnar1, Mary Ecke1

  • 1Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, D-82152 Martinsried, Germany.

Cells
|June 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Electric pulse-induced cell fusion in Dictyostelium creates multinucleate cells with unique biphasic cytokinesis. Myosin-II stabilizes cleavage furrows but is not essential for cell division in these or mononucleate cells.

Keywords:
Dictyosteliumcell fusioncortexillincytokinesismyosin

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Cytokinesis Research
  • Dictyostelium Discoideum Studies

Background:

  • Multinucleate cells can be generated in Dictyostelium via electric pulse-induced fusion.
  • These multinucleate cells exhibit unique cytokinesis processes involving unilateral cleavage furrows.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of myosin-II in cytokinesis of multinucleate Dictyostelium cells.
  • To understand the mechanics of unilateral cleavage furrow formation and progression.

Main Methods:

  • Generating multinucleate Dictyostelium cells using electric pulse-induced fusion.
  • Cultivating cells in a myosin-II-null background under different conditions (suspension vs. adhesive substrate).
  • Microscopic observation of cleavage furrow dynamics and cell division.

Main Results:

  • Unilateral cleavage furrows form in multinucleate cells, driven by aster microtubules and capable of forming ring constrictions.
  • Myosin-II and cortexillin accumulate in unilateral furrows, similar to mononucleate cells.
  • Myosin-II is not essential for cytokinesis but stabilizes and confines cleavage furrows, with its absence leading to furrow stalling and broadening in multinucleate cells.

Conclusions:

  • Cytokinesis in multinucleate Dictyostelium cells is biphasic, with final abscission independent of initial furrow direction.
  • Myosin-II plays a crucial role in furrow stability and positioning rather than being essential for the division process itself.