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Intravital three-dimensional bioprinting.

Anna Urciuolo1,2,3, Ilaria Poli4, Luca Brandolino1,2

  • 1Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

Nature Biomedical Engineering
|June 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed intravital 3D bioprinting to create complex tissue structures inside live mice. This innovative technique uses photosensitive hydrogels for minimally invasive organ repair and tissue regeneration.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Fabricating three-dimensional (3D) structures and functional tissues in vivo is crucial for minimally invasive organ repair and reconstruction.
  • Current bioprinting methods often require ex vivo fabrication, limiting direct in vivo application.
  • Developing methods for direct in vivo tissue engineering is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the feasibility of fabricating 3D cell-laden hydrogel structures directly within live animal tissues.
  • To establish intravital 3D bioprinting as a technique for precise tissue engineering in specific anatomical locations.
  • To explore the potential of this method for in vivo organ repair and functional tissue regeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized bio-orthogonal two-photon cycloaddition and crosslinking of photosensitive polymer hydrogels.
  • Employed wavelengths longer than 850 nm for polymer crosslinking, compatible with multiphoton microscopy.
  • Performed intravital 3D bioprinting in various tissues of live mice, including dermis, skeletal muscle, and brain.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated complex 3D structures within the tissues of live mice.
  • Demonstrated accurate positioning and orientation of bioprinted constructs using multiphoton microscopy.
  • Showed de novo formation of myofibers in mice following intravital 3D bioprinting of muscle-derived stem cells.

Conclusions:

  • Intravital 3D bioprinting is a viable technique for creating complex structures and functional tissues directly within live animals.
  • This method offers a minimally invasive approach for in vivo tissue engineering and potential organ repair.
  • Intravital 3D bioprinting represents a promising in vivo alternative to conventional bioprinting strategies.