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Related Concept Videos

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

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NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

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In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.
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Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

1.0K
The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
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Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin01:08

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All atomic particles possess an intrinsic angular momentum, or 'spin'. Electrons, protons, and neutrons each have a spin value of ½, although protons and neutrons in nuclei may have higher half-integer spins owing to energetic factors.
Atomic nuclei have a net nuclear spin, , which can have an integer or half-integer value. In atomic nuclei, the spins of protons are paired against each other but not with neutrons, and vice versa. Consequently, an even number of protons does not contribute to...
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Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

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Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
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¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

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Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
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Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Gate-tunable spin waves in antiferromagnetic atomic bilayers.

Xiao-Xiao Zhang1,2, Lizhong Li3, Daniel Weber4

  • 1Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Ithaca, NY, USA.

Nature Materials
|June 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explored spin-wave dynamics in two-dimensional (2D) antiferromagnetic chromium triiodide (CrI3) bilayers. They successfully tuned magnetic resonances using electrostatic gating, paving the way for novel data storage technologies.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Spintronics

Background:

  • Two-dimensional (2D) layered magnetic materials exhibit unique static properties like spin filtering and gate-controlled magnetism.
  • Dynamic magnetic properties, particularly spin-wave excitation and control, remain underexplored in these materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate spin-wave dynamics in antiferromagnetic CrI3 bilayers.
  • To explore optical excitation and electrostatic control of spin waves in 2D magnetic materials.
  • To determine magnetic field parameters and assess potential applications in ultrafast data processing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an ultrafast optical pump/magneto-optical Kerr probe technique to study spin-wave dynamics.
  • Introduced monolayer WSe2 on CrI3 to enhance optical excitation of spin waves.
  • Applied in-plane magnetic fields and electrostatic gating to probe and tune magnetic resonances.

Main Results:

  • Identified subterahertz magnetic resonances in CrI3 bilayers under an in-plane magnetic field.
  • Determined anisotropy and interlayer exchange fields from the observed magnetic resonances.
  • Demonstrated electrostatic gating to tune antiferromagnetic resonances by tens of gigahertz.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides insights into magnetic excitations and spin dynamics in 2D magnetic materials.
  • Electrostatic tuning of antiferromagnetic resonances highlights the potential of 2D materials for spintronic applications.
  • Results suggest promising applications in ultrafast data storage and processing.