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Related Concept Videos

Chirality02:25

Chirality

28.7K
Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

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The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
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Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

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Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...
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Radical Halogenation: Stereochemistry01:33

Radical Halogenation: Stereochemistry

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Stereochemistry is the study of the different spatial arrangements of atoms in a given molecule. The stereochemistry of radical halogenations can be understood from three different situations:
Halogenation to form a new chiral center:
4.4K
Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds02:33

Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds

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In this lesson, we delve into the role of ring conformation and its stability, which determines the spatial arrangement and, consequently, the molecular symmetry and stereoisomerism of cyclic compounds. 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane is used as a case study to evaluate the possible number of stereoisomers. Here, given the multiple (n = 2) chiral centers, there are 2n = 4 possible configurations that lack a plane of symmetry, as the ring skeleton exists in a non-planar chair conformation. In addition,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 17, 2025

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
08:39

Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator

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Chirality-selected second-harmonic holography with phase and binary amplitude manipulation.

Wenchao Zhao1, Kai Wang, Xuanmiao Hong

  • 1Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China. kale_wong@hust.edu.cn lupeixiang@hust.edu.cn.

Nanoscale
|June 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study demonstrates chirality-selected second-harmonic holography using gold-tungsten disulfide interfaces. This nonlinear holography advances information encoding and processing with enhanced efficiency and control.

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Last Updated: Dec 17, 2025

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Area of Science:

  • Nonlinear optics
  • Nanophotonics
  • Materials science

Background:

  • Multi-functional nonlinear wavefront control is crucial for advanced applications.
  • Nonlinear holography offers potential for information encoding and computing.
  • High nonlinear conversion efficiency and wavefront control are key challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and demonstrate chirality-selected second-harmonic (SH) holography.
  • To achieve nonlinear geometry phase control with sub-wavelength resolution.
  • To enhance hologram performance using binary amplitude manipulation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a gold (Au)-tungsten disulfide (WS2) nonlinear optical interface.
  • Implementing nonlinear geometry phase control with sub-wavelength resolution.
  • Introducing binary amplitude manipulation by altering nanoholes.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated chirality-selected SH holography with enhanced performance.
  • Achieved a 39% increase in average hologram intensity and a 44% decrease in variation coefficient.
  • Obtained a high SH conversion efficiency of 10⁻⁶ due to enhanced WS2 signals in Au nanoholes.

Conclusions:

  • The developed nonlinear holography is a significant step towards multi-functional SH holography.
  • This technique shows promise for applications in nonlinear information encoding and processing.
  • The combination of materials and control methods offers high efficiency and performance.